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Regular inspection and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers


The first fire extinguisher
2.1 components of fire extinguisher
The fire extinguisher is composed of a cylinder head, a nozzle and a nozzle.
Body or cylinder pressure gas, will be installed in the cylinder body of the fire extinguishing agent, to achieve the purpose of fire.
2.1.1 definition of fire extinguisher
.1 fire extinguisher system refers to a device containing a fire extinguishing agent, which can be used to align the source of fire through the internal pressure. This pressure can be stored in pressure or by the pressure of the gas obtained from the release of the cylinder.
.2 fire extinguishing agent system refers to the release of the fire extinguisher contained in the material used to extinguish the fire.
.3 fire extinguisher fire extinguisher includes loading refers to the weight or volume of fire extinguishing agent. Water or foam fire extinguishing device loading usually use volume (L) to represent and other kinds of fire extinguishing device loading weight (kg) to represent.
2.1.2 fire extinguisher classification
According to the classification of its mobile, it can be divided into two kinds of portable fire extinguishers and the cart type fire extinguisher.
The second section of the fire fighters
2.1 types of fire fighters
Fire fighting equipment should be in accordance with the rules of the fire safety system.
2.2 the number of fire fighters equipped
Vessels shall carry at least 2 sets of fire fighters. For passenger and cargo will be equipped with a number of additional fire equipment, see the requirement of SOLAS.
2.3 the storage of fire fighters
The fireman's equipment and individual equipment shall be stored in a permanently clear and easy to reach location for use at any time. Equipped with more than 1 sets of fire fighters equipped or equipped with a fire fighter, the location should be kept away from each other.
2.4 technical requirements for fire fighters
The fireman's equipment should include 1 sets of personal and 1 breathing apparatus.
4.1 the 2 person shall be equipped with:
.1 protective clothing, the material should be able to protect the skin from the heat of the fire, not by the steam burns and burns, clothes should be waterproof;
.2 fire boots made of rubber or other non conductive materials;
.3 1 top of the fire helmet to provide effective protection of the impact;
.4 1 approved type of electrical safety lamps (hand lamps), the lighting time of at least 3h. Electric safety lamp oil tanker configuration and intended for the electric safety lamp should be explosion-proof in hazardous areas;
.5 the handle of the axe should have a high voltage insulation.
4.2 2 breathing apparatus
The breathing apparatus shall be provided with 1 self-contained compressed air breathing apparatus, and the cylinder gas storage shall be at least 1200l,
Or 1 other types of self-contained breathing apparatus, the available time of at least 30min. Air bottles used in breathing apparatus should be interchangeable.
Compressed air breathing apparatus shall be provided with an audible alarm and visual or other means, in order to send an alarm to the user in a bottle of gas storage capacity of not less than 200 L.
4.3 2 rescue rope
Each breathing apparatus shall be equipped with a refractory life rope with a length of at least 1 30m, and the rope shall be approved by a static load of 3.5kN at a time of 5min. The rope should be able to spring bar hook in respirator straps, or department in a separate belt, in drag a lifeline to prevent disconnection of the respirator.
Third section emergency escape breathing apparatus (EEBD)
One, general requirements
1, emergency escape breathing apparatus is provided with air or oxygen device, only for the purpose of escape from a dangerous gas chamber, and should be recognized type of device.
.2 emergency escape breathing apparatus shall not be used for fire fighting, access to the anoxic air tank or liquid cargo space, and shall not be used by firefighters. In these situations, a self-contained breathing apparatus suitable for this application should be adopted.
Two, rules
EEBD.1 should provide at least the duration of the 10min.
EEBD.2 shall include 1 suitable head cover or cover for the protection of eyes, nose and mouth during escape. The head cover and the mask are made of flame resistant material and should include a clean and bright window.
EEBD.3 should be able to wear the temporary use of the body and to keep the hands free.
.4 should be protected from environmental impact when EEBD is stored.
.5 the use of a brief description and schematic diagram should be clearly printed on the EEBD. The program should be both quick and easy to be able to obtain the safety protection from the dangerous gas environment in the shortest time.
Three, marking
In every EEBD should print: maintenance requirements, production factory trademark and serial number, deadline and the production date and name of authorized institution, and all for EEBD training should be clearly marked.
The fourth section of the fixed fire and fire alarm system
1, fixed type of fire and fire alarm General requirements
Installation on board the fixed fire detection and fire alarm system and smoke type probe fire system should be approved and in accordance with the "code for fire safety systems", for July 2012 1, and then mounted onto the fixed fire detection and fire alarm system control panel and its technical standards should satisfy en54 series requirements (see MSC.311 (88) resolution); for before July 1, 2012 installed onto the fixed fire detection and fire alarm system control panel and its technical standards should meet the requirements of G4717.
2, any fixed fire and fire alarm system which is required by the manual alarm button shall be capable of immediate action at any time (which does not require a standby control panel). In spite of this requirement, it is also capable of cutting off the fire system of a particular place, such as the workshop and the loading and unloading of the heat work. The method of cutting off the detector should be designed to automatically monitor the system to the normal state after a predetermined time corresponding to the operation. When the detector is required to cut off, the premises should be on duty or a fire patrol. All other premises in which the probe should be kept in action.
3, the fire system should be designed to:
(1) control and monitor all of the input signals of the fire detector and smoke detector and the manual alarm button which are connected to it;
(2) to the cab, continuous duty of central control station or on the ship security center provides an output signal and to inform the crew fire and fault conditions.
(3) the power supply and power supply and circuit of the monitoring system to run the power supply and the fault conditions;
(4) the system may be arranged to output signals to other fire safety systems, including:
A. paging system, fire alarm or public broadcasting system;
B. fan stop device;
C. fire door;
D. brake;
E. sprinkler system;
F. smoking system;
G. low level lighting system;
H. fixed partial use of fire extinguishing system;
I. closed circuit television (CCTV) system;
J. other fire safety system.
4, the fire system can be connected with the decision management system
(1) decision management system should be compatible with the fire system;
(2) the decision management system shall be cut off without losing any of the functions required by this chapter to explore the fire system;
(3) any failure of the interface device and the connecting device shall not affect the fire system in any case.
4, detector and manual alarm button should be the special area of the fire system. Independent partitions can be allowed to have other fire safety functions, such as the alarm signal of the water jet valve.
5, systems and equipment should be properly designed to withstand the impact of the ship's normally encountered voltage changes and transient fluctuations, environmental temperature changes, vibration, humidity, impact, collision and corrosion. All electrical and electronic equipment in the cab or adjacent to the electromagnetic compatibility test shall be made and taking into account the recommendations made by the organization.
6, with one by one to identify the fire detector of fixed type fire detection and fire alarm system, should be
According to the following requirements:
(1) a measure is provided to ensure that any failure (such as cutting off power, short circuit, ground, etc.) on the partition does not preclude the continued identification of the rest of the partition of the partition;
(2) the whole arrangement shall be capable of restoring the system to its original state in case of failure (e.g., electrical, electronic, information, etc.);
(3) the fire alarm signal the first fire alarm signal shall not interfere with any other detector to stimulate the other fire alarm signal;
(4) the partition shall not be two times through a premises. When this is impractical (for example, for a large public premises), the second pass through the partition of the premises should be kept away from other parts of the partition as far as possible.
7, for passenger ships, fixed fire detection and fire alarm system should be able to identify each one by one remote detectors and manual alarm button. When installed in the passenger cabin fire detector to trigger, but also in their premises issued or prompted emit an audible alarm. In the cabin cargo and passenger ships on the balcony, fixed fire detection and fire alarm system should at least have partition recognition ability.
8, fixed type of fire and fire alarm
(1) the power supply of the electric equipment used in the fixed type of fire and fire alarm system shall be no less than 2 sets, and the 1 sets of them shall be the emergency power supply. Shall be supplied by a dedicated independent power supply line. The feeder cables to a located in or adjacent to the fire detection system on the control board of automatic transfer switch. Main feeder (the emergency feeders from the main distribution panels (the emergency switchboard) connected to switch and not through any other distribution panels.
(2) there should be adequate power supply system to continue to operate in the case of all detectors,
But the number is not more than 100 (if the total number of detectors exceeds this number).
(3) the emergency power provided by the 2.4.2.1 shall be sufficient for the II-1/42 and 43 of the Convention.
Find time to maintain the operation of fire and fire alarm system, and at the end of the request, should be able to operate all the connected visual and audible fire alarm signal device at least 30 min.
9, fixed type of fire and fire alarm parts requirements
(1) detector
A detectors shall be operated by any combination of heat, smoke, or other combustion products, flame or any of these factors. The competent authorities may consider the use of other factors, such as the induction of early fire, the action of the detector, but its sensitivity should not be less than that of the detector.
B living premises all stairways, corridors and escape routes required by feeling smoke detectors shall be verified, in smoke density more than 12.5% per meter of reduction rate of light before the action, but in more than 2% per meter reduction rate of light before shall not operate. Test should be carried out according to 54:2001 IEC and 0092-505:2001 EN standards. The competent authority may also be used to determine the replacement test criteria. Smoke detectors installed in other premises shall be in the competent authority that the sensitivity range of the action, and to take into account to avoid the detector is not sensitive or excessive sensitivity.
C temperature detector should be verified, when the temperature is not greater than 1 degrees per minute rate
The action should be at a temperature of more than 78, but not at a temperature of 54. Test should be carried out according to 54:2001 IEC and 60092-505:2001 EN standards. The competent authority may also be used to determine the replacement test criteria. When the temperature rise rate is greater, the sensing temperature detector should be in the competent authorities that the temperature range of the action, and to take into account to avoid the detector is not sensitive or excessive sensitivity.
The action of the D sensing temperature detector is similar to the operating temperature in the drying chamber and is usually in a high temperature environment.
The premises can be 130, in the sauna room can be 140.
E flame detector shall be 54-10:2001 IEC and 60092-505:2001 EN standard.
Line test. The competent authority may also be used to determine the replacement test criteria.
F all detectors should be such a type, which can be tested by the correct action,
And can return to normal state without changing any parts.
G the fixed type fire and fire alarm system of the cabin balcony shall be the competent authority according to this
Guide for the organization to be recognized.
The H detector shall be approved for testing and approval in the area of danger. Article of the Convention which is required in article II-2/20.4 of the Convention and in accordance with article II-2/20.3.2.2 shall not be suitable for the dangerous area. In the carriage of dangerous goods in the premises installation and by convention the II-2/19 article table 19.3 meet the II-2/19.3.2 detector should suitable for hazardous area.
I EN 54-2:1997 EN, 54-4:1997 IEC60092-504:2001 and standards for the control panel of the fixed fire and fire alarm control panel. The competent authority may also be used to determine the replacement test criteria.
(2) cable
The cable used in the circuit shall be in accordance with the 60332-1 IEC standard flame retardant type. In passenger ships, through the services of other main vertical zone of cable and connected to the unattended fire control station control panel of cable should be to comply with the IEC 60331 standard of refractory, or a set of double cable and away from each other.
1, fixed type fire and fire alarm installation requirements
(1) the detector and the manual alarm button shall be divided into several partitions.
(2) a partition of the detector of a control station, a service area or a living space shall not be included in the category a machinery space or ro. A partition that covers a roll of a roll of the detector shall not include a class a machine premises. For a remote one by one to identify the fire detector fixed fire detection system and its coverage of the living spaces and service spaces and control station fire detector partitions should not include machinery space of category A or ro ro space fire detector.
(3) such as fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems do not include remote individually identifying each detector device, generally do not allow a partition of the accommodation spaces and service spaces and control stations coverage over the deck, but covered except for an enclosed stairway partition. In order to avoid the delay in the identification of fire sources, the number of enclosed spaces in each partition should be limited, and the amount of the limits shall be determined by the competent authorities. If the fire alarm system is equipped with a fire detector that can be individually identified, the area may be covered by a few layers and the number of enclosed spaces is not limited.
(4) on a passenger ship, detectors and manual alarm button a partition including range should not exceed a main vertical zone, but cabin balconies except.
(5) the probe shall be installed in the position where the best function can be played. The location of the beam and the ventilation duct, or other locations where the air flow is adversely affecting the performance of the detector, or the location of the impact or physical damage may be avoided. The detector should be located at the top, and at least a bulkhead distance is 0.5 m, but in the corridor, small storage room and stairway inside except.
(6) the maximum spacing of the detector shall be in accordance with the following table:

Detector type

Maximum floor area per detector(㎡)

Maximum center distance between detectors(m)

Maximum distance from the bulkhead(m)

Temperature type

37

9

4.5

Smoke type

74

11

5.5


(7) the probe shall comply with the above requirements for the installation of a detector mounted on a movable roller:
The detector should be at least a stairway on the escalator at the top of every layer and the following installation.
B when the fire detector is arranged in the cooling device, drying room, sauna room, kitchen for heating food, laundry and produce steam and flue gas and other premises, can use feeling temperature detector.
C for a fixed type of fire and fire alarm system required by article II-2/7.5 of the Convention, there is little or no need to install the detector. Such spaces including does not store flammable items empty cabin, in room bathroom, public bathrooms, fire extinguishing agent storage chamber, cleaning equipment storeroom (not store flammable liquids), open deck spaces and the risk of fire has little or no fire hazard and the fixed opening ventilating enclosed swim step deck spaces.
(8) cable layout
A as system components as part of the cable should avoid layout in the kitchen, machinery space of category A and has high fire danger other enclosed spaces, but it is necessary to except in the configuration of such premises fire detection and fire alarm or connected to the corresponding power supply.
B has the ability to identify the partition should be arranged into a fire damage to its cause will not exceed one.
(9) fixed fire and fire alarm system control requirements
A visual and auditory fire signal
A when any detector or manual alarm button is operated, a visual and audible fire alarm signal shall be issued on the control board and the indicating device. Such as in 2 min signal fails to answer, it should be to all crew accommodation spaces and service spaces and control stations and category a machinery space automatically emit an audible fire alarm. The auditory warning system does not need to be a part of the detecting system.
B for passenger ships, the ship safety control board should be located in the center. For cargo ship, the control board should be located in the cab or fire control station.
C for passenger ships, a can individually identifying have been triggered by the detector or has action of the manual alarm button indicating device should be located in the cab. For cargo ship, if the control board is located in the fire control station, a set of indicating device should be provided in the cab. In the cargo and passenger cabin balconies, indicating device should at least have triggered the detectors or have action of manual alarm button is located in the partition.
The location of the premises and the partition of the premises and the location of the D in each of the indicating apparatus or in the vicinity thereof shall be indicated.
E to deal with the system to run the power and the power of the circuit and fault conditions for appropriate monitoring, including:
A single open circuit fault or cut off power failure caused by.1 wire;
A single ground fault caused by the contact of the metal parts of the.2 wire conductor;
.3 two or more wires are caused by contact with a wire to a single failure.
When a fault occurs, a visual and auditory fault signal should be issued on the control board, which is different from the fire signal.
The a control panel shall be equipped with a manual response to all alarm and fault signals. The auditory alarms on the control board and the indicating device can be manually operated. Control panel shall be clearly distinguished from normal, alarm, alarm, fault and noise control.
The B system should be arranged to automatically reset to normal operation after the removal of the alarm and fault conditions.
E in the cabin sleep position and from the sound source at 1 m, audible alarm sound pressure level should generally be at least 75 dB (a) and should be at least more than when the ship is sailing in the mild weather equipment normal operation during the environmental noise level higher than 10 dB (a). The sound pressure level should be within the basic frequency of the 1/3 frequency band. Auditory alarm signal should not exceed 120 dB (A).
(10) test
Should be prepared to have appropriate specifications and testing and maintenance of spare parts. The test should be conducted regularly on the basis of the fire type of the detector's design response. A ship with a self diagnostic function system and a vessel which may easily be contaminated by the probe may be tested by the competent authority.
Fifth section fixed pressure water mist and water mist fire extinguishing system
2.5 technical requirements
2.5.1 fixed pressure water mist fire extinguishing system
2.5.1.1 nozzle and pump
Fixed pressure water mist fire extinguishing system required by 2.5.1.1.1 machine premises shall be equipped with an approved spray nozzle.
2.5.1.1.2 the number and layout of the nozzles shall be obtained by the competent authorities and shall ensure that the amount of water at least 5l/m2 per minute is effectively and evenly distributed in the place where it is protected. If you think you need to increase the rate of water, the competent authorities should be satisfied.
2.5.1.1.3 shall take measures to prevent the corrosion of impurities or pipe lines, nozzles, valves and pumps in the nozzle drain.
2.5.1.1.4 pumps shall be capable of supplying water to all areas of the system at the same time to any one being protected.
2.5.1.1.5 pumps can be by the independence of the internal combustion engine driven, but as the need for convention the II-1/42 or the II-1/43 provisions of emergency generator powered by a compliant, the arrangement of the generator should be in the active force damage would start automatically, in order to make the 2.5.1.1.4 required pump immediately gain momentum. If the pump is driven by an independent internal combustion engine, the location of the pump shall not affect the air supply to the machine when it is on fire.
2.5.1.2 installation requirements
2.5.1.2.1 in sewage ditch, tank top and fuel is easy to be dispersed to other places, and in the machinery spaces other with special fire risk at the above should is provided with a nozzle.
2.5.1.2.2 the system can be divided into a number of areas, the distribution of the valve should be able to reach the site from the protected area to operate, and not due to the protection of the premises on fire and was immediately cut off.
The 2.5.1.2.3 pump and its control equipment shall be installed outside the protected premises and shall not cause the system to be lost without the fire caused by the fire protection system.
2.5.1.3 system control requirements
The system should be the necessary pressure to maintain the filling pressure, when the system pressure is reduced when the water pump should be immediately to the system water supply.